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KMID : 1102220220410030372
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Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
2022 Volume.41 No. 3 p.372 ~ p.383
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Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality
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Lim Jeong-Hoon
Lee Ga-Young
Jeon Ye-Na
Jung Hee-Yeon
Choi Ji-Young
Cho Jang-Hee
Park Sun-Hee
Kim Yong-Lim
Kim Hyung-Kee
Huh Seung
Yoo Eun-Sang
Won Dong-Il
Kim Chan-Duck
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Abstract
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Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis.
Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-to-old and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51-6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients.
Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.
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KEYWORD
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Aged, Graft rejection, Graft survival, Kidney transplantation, Mortality, Transplant donors, Transplant recipients
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